Quantum Phases of Constrained Bosons in Low Dimensions
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Date
2022
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Abstract
Study of quantum phase transitions in artificial systems has attracted enormous
attention in recent years. In this thesis, we study the quantum phase transitions in
systems of constrained bosons in low dimensional lattices. We consider two different
scenarios within this framework, (i) in the case of ultracold atoms in optical lattices
and (ii) in the context of microwave photons in superconducting circuits. We have
analyzed the ground state properties of such systems by using numerical methods
such as the cluster mean-field theory (CMFT) approach and the density matrix
renormalization group (DMRG) method.
We first explore the ground-state properties of a system of nonlocally coupled dipolar bosons in a bilayer optical superlattice by considering bosons in one layer to be of softcore in nature and separately allowing two- and three-body hard-core constraints on the other layer. We show how the presence of didierent constraints on bosons in one layer in uences the overall phase diagram exhibiting various Mott insulator phases at incommensurate densities due to the presence of the superlattice potential apart from the usual Mott insulators at commensurate densities.
Then we investigate the quantum phase transitions of constrained bosons in a two-leg Bose-Hubbard ladder. We consider hardcore bosons in one leg and threebody constrained bosons in the other leg in the limit of two body attractive interaction. Here we find that depending on the ratio between the rung and leg hoppings of the bosons, rung insulator phases are stabilized at unit filling. Moreover, at incommensurate
fillings we obtain signatures of the pair super fluid phase. We extend this work to the case where both the legs of the ladder have three-body constrained bosons with onsite two-body attractive interaction. We obtain the signatures of the dimer rung insulator phase apart from the pair super fluid phases.
In the last part of the thesis, we propose a method to achieve photon pair propagation
in an array of three-level superconducting circuits. Assuming experimentally
accessible three-level artificial atoms with strong anharmonicity coupled via
microwave transmission lines in both one and two dimensions, we analyze the circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) of the system. We explicitly show that, for
a suitable choice of the coupling ratio between different levels, the single-photon
propagation is suppressed, and the propagation of photon pairs emerges.
Description
Supervisor: Tapan Mishra
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