Design of Homogeneous / Heterogeneous Interfacial Electrocataly6c Systems for Value-Added Products

Abstract

A comprehensive overview of electrocataly0c systems for sustainable value-added product formation via water electrolysis and CO₂ reduction is presented in this work. The study focuses on the design and development of efficient catalytic interfaces, functional membranes, and hybrid reaction environments to achieve improved charge separation, accelerated reaction kinetics, and enhanced product selectivity. Emphasis is placed on understanding the mechanistic aspects of hydrogen and oxygen evolu0on reactions, highlighting the significance of interfacial charge transfer and catalyst–electrolyte interac0ons. The role of bipolar membranes in promoting water dissociation and maintaining dis0nct pH conditions is explored as a strategy to achieve efficient ion transport and separa0on of HER and OER processes. Furthermore, the inves0ga0on extends toward CO2 electroreduction, where synergistic homogeneous–heterogeneous interfaces enable selec0ve conversion of CO2 into value-added fuels. Overall, the study establishes a unified approach combining catalyst design, interfacial engineering, and membrane op0miza0on to advance integrated electrochemical systems for sustainable energy generation and carbon utilization.