Aggregation Aptitude in Rigid and Flexible Molecular Systems: Comparative Photophysical and Analytical Studies
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Date
2023
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Abstract
This thesis elucidates the important consequences in comprehension of aggregation outlook of flexible and rigid frameworks and their response towards environmentally and biologically relevant analytes. L1-L3 is designed which shows a comparative aggregation aptitude with chain length variation in amphiphiles. The entire photophysical study on aggregation process is dealt with. Then, these synthesized amphiphiles are used in creating hydrophobic surfaces due to their inherent property of hydrophobicity. Additionally, the concept of Photoinduced Electron Transfer or PET is applied in the detection of nitro antibiotics via fluorescence quenching. This chemo sensing is probed in biofluids viz; simulated gastric and body fluid. Next, a layout is provided where a comparative study between an amphiphile and a non-amphiphile is presented. The compounds designed and synthesized were substituted urea and amide (L4 & L5). Studies on aggregation-induced emission are shown by a binary solvent system DMF-Water. Morphological change is depicted on solvent switching by electronic microscopy imaging. Both solid and solution state emissive property is described. A unique photophysical prospect is shown in this piece of work i.e., light harvesting. Förster resonance energy transfer or FRET mechanism delivers the basis for this light-harvesting phenomenon between the amphiphile and a commercial dye; Rhodamine. Again, PET is applied to detect nitro explosives in water is demonstrated. This detection proceeds via disaggregation of the aggregated state. In the allied chapter, functionalization of amphiphile was done: a comparative outline on substituted urea and thiourea (L4 & L6). Apart from describing aggregational features through spectroscopy and microscopy, an edge on the chemo-sensing property is done. The thiourea selectively recognizes Hg (II) ions in an aqueous solution due to the soft-soft interaction between the sulfur atom and the heavy metal. Turn-On or fluorescence emission enhancement is achieved even in the presence of heavy metal during the chemosensing process. The toxic metal ion interaction causes disaggregation of the aggregated amphiphile confirmed through DLS and FESEM experiments. The chemo-sensing experiments are done in various real samples. Moreover, The Hg(II)-amphiphile ensemble detects sulfide ions in the water among all other sulfur-containing anions and amino acids.
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Supervisor: Das, Gopal
Keywords
Supramolecular Chemistry, Self-aggregation, Chemo-sensors