Lakshminath Bezbaroa Central Library Digital Repository
Welcome to the Institutional Digital Repository of Lakshminath Bezbaroa Central Library.
- This digital archive comprised of the Institutes' intellectual output.
- It manages, preserves & makes available the academic works of faculty and research scholars.
- It is established to facilitate deposit of digital content of scholarly or heritage nature.
- Allowing academics & their departments to share & preserve contents in a managed environment.
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Recent Submissions
Design and Operation of a Fixed Bed Pyrolizer for Thermochemical Conversion of Municipal Solid Waste and its Product Applications
(2024) Saikia, Silvia
Pyrolysis offers a sustainable solution for municipal solid waste (MSW) management by enabling energy recovery and resource utilization. This study evaluated the pyrolysis of MSW and legacy waste, revealing high heating values (37,737.89 and 40,432.84 kJ/kg, respectively) and significant lignin content, supporting char production. Thermal degradation led to mass losses of 68% (MSW) and 82% (legacy waste), with MSW exhibiting lower activation energy (5.72 kJ/mol), indicating faster reactions. A fixed-bed reactor optimized using Central Composite Design yielded 72.62% char at 250°C, 10°C/min heating rate, 50 mm particle size, and 180 min residence time. ANOVA results (p < 0.05) confirmed all process variables as significant, with temperature being the most influential. Char produced at 250°C retained the highest fuel potential. Activated carbon derived from this char achieved over 90% Pb(II) removal from water (Langmuir isotherm, R² = 0.99), with reusability up to two cycles. Composting trials with 5% MSW char improved compost quality, enhancing nitrogen (+2.35%), phosphorus (+23.48 mg/kg), and reducing the C/N ratio (10). Soil amendment studies over 120 days showed improved soil health with lower bulk density (-12%), increased organic matter, and higher cation exchange capacity. While compost alone increased heavy metal bioavailability, MSW char mitigated it. In mine tailing soil, 10% MSW char raised pH (+45.44%), while a 5% char and 30% vermicompost mix improved nutrient retention and reduced Ni (-30%) and Pb (-61%) leachability. Thus, MSW pyrolysis supports circular economy goals through effective waste valorization and environmental sustainability.
Tweaking Epigenetics in EMT Signaling Regulation of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
(2024) Sarkar, Shilpi
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with limited targeted therapies, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies. This study explores epigenetic regulators as potential targets, focusing on p300 and MLL1, alongside a combinatorial regimen targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) and oncogenic pathways. In silico and in vitro analyses identified Imatinib as a potent p300 inhibitor, demonstrating superior anti-proliferative activity, suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and Notch pathway downregulation. MLL1 inhibition via MM-102 reversed EMT, induced apoptosis, and altered TNBC metabolism. Additionally, combining Salinomycin with Budesonide synergistically inhibited TNBC cell growth by modulating ROS generation, EMT, and multiple oncogenic pathways. Conclusively, the insights gained in the present study reveal that the advancement of breast cancer is significantly influenced by epigenetic regulators, encompassing DNA methylation and histone modifications. Altogether, the findings of the present study incur strong therapeutic potential for targeting and annihilation of breast cancer in future.
Design, Modeling and Optimization of Large-Scale Disaggregated Memory Systems
(2024) Puri, Amit
This thesis discusses the challenges faced by traditional server systems in meeting the increasing memory requirements of modern server workloads, leading to the emergence of Disaggregated Memory Systems (DMS) as a solution. The traditional systems struggle with scaling up memory capacity, often resulting in under-utilization of onboard memory resources and inflexible hardware refresh cycles in data centers. DMS offer a more flexible approach by allowing memory to be attached as remote memory modes/pools connected to compute nodes through a high-speed coherent interconnect. This setup enables on-demand memory allocation, eliminates scalability and under-utilization issues, and facilitates independent upgrading of server memory resources, thereby reducing the total cost of ownership. However, the adoption of DMS introduces new system-level design and architecture challenges topped up by the absence of an architectural simulator for performance evaluation. Memory disaggregation increases the Average Memory Access Time (AMAT) due to the network interconnect between compute nodes and remote memory pools, potentially impacting application performance, especially in large-scale configurations. The thesis aims to address these challenges by proposing various system-level and architectural optimizations to reduce AMAT in DMS. It includes building an architectural simulator for performance evaluation, exploring hot-page migration techniques, studying memory bandwidth contention, and investigating network resource allocation to provide Quality of Service (QoS) to different applications. The experiments conducted with various workloads demonstrate that the proposed mechanisms can significantly enhance application performance in large-scale DMS deployments.
Enhancing Security Features of Network-on-Chip Using Lightweight Cryptosystem, Trust-Aware Routing, and Anonymous Communication
(2024) Sankar, Syam
Multi-Processor Systems-on-Chips (MPSoCs) combine multiple hardware Intellectual Property (IP) components on a single chip. Modern SoC vendors use 3rd-party IPs to develop in-house chips in order to reduce design costs and compete with time-tomarket constraints. With the rising popularity of fabless manufacturing and agile development, the use of third-party IP for design is becoming more accepted. However, such practices can sometimes significantly compromise the security and reliability of SoC computing systems. Modern MPSoCs, or Tiled Chip Multi-Processors (TCMPs), employ multi-hop packet-based Network-on-Chip (NoC) as their communication backbone due to their low-latency, high-bandwidth, and scalable topology. Adversaries use NoC IP as a major platform to launch security attacks and degrade SoC performance due to its close proximity and location criticality with respect to inter-core communication. Malicious circuits, such as Hardware Trojans (HT), use NoC as a carrier to float attacks such as eavesdropping, application profiling, packet modification, Denial-of-Service (DoS), and so on. Since on-chip communication plays a critical role in determining the SoC's performance, any HT attacks targeting this communication may impact the smooth running of applications on the processor cores or may even leak sensitive SoC data to external adversaries. The thesis details three countermeasures to enhance the security features of on-chip communication using lightweight cryptosystem (Sec-NoC), trust-aware routing (TROP), and anonymous communication (SARON) against HT attacks. These three measures defend packet leakage, DoS due to packet alteration, and application profiling, respectively.
Improvements of Finite Element Strategies in Electromagnetic Analysis
(2024) Kamireddy, Durgarao
"In electromagnetic analysis, standard nodal finite elements often lead to spurious solutions. Techniques like penalty
function and regularization partially address this by pushing spurious modes to higher end of the spectrum, but fail to
capture singular eigenvalues in domains with sharp edges and corners. To overcome this, edge elements with
degrees of freedom along edges have been developed. We propose a technique to convert nodal to edge data
structures for electromagnetic analysis, demonstrating superior performance of edge elements in complex domains.
Edge elements show better coarse mesh accuracy and robustness, particularly in predicting singular eigenvalues in
sharp-edge domains. For time-domain analysis of electromagnetic radiation and scattering, popular methods include
Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and Time Domain FEM (TDFEM). We propose a conserved quantity under
specific boundary conditions and a time-marching scheme within the edge element framework, maintaining this
conservation property regardless of time step size. Additionally, implementing symmetric boundary conditions in FEM
can reduce computational cost. However, in potential formulation, this is challenging. We present a novel
implementation of symmetric boundary conditions within a nodal framework, applicable to both harmonic and
transient electromagnetic analysis for a variety of radiation and scattering problems."