Das, Apurba2023-08-032023-10-262023-08-032023-10-262022ROLL NO.166121008https://gyan.iitg.ac.in/handle/123456789/2435Supervisor: Dobbidi, PamuHydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP) is an immensely favored biomaterial in the biomedical industry, known for its extensive applications in orthopedics and dentistry. Naturally, it appears as an inorganic constituent of natural bones, with substitutions like Mg, Sr, and other trace ions occupying the Ca sites. To distinguish it from HAP, it is often designated as bone-like apatite or bone apatite in brief. Consequently, it can be perceived that the Ca=P ratio of bone apatites di ers from HAP (1.67 for HAP, whereas a ratio < 1.67 is obtained for bone apatite). The last two decades have seen an exponential rise in the biomedical industry related to HAP primarily due to its incredible biocompatibility, a nity to bond to living bones when used as implants, and its ability to promote ingrowth of new bones through osteoconduction without having any toxic or in ammatory response to the surrounding tissues. As a testimony to the claim, the recent reports published in Yahoo nance claimed that the HAP market is projected to grow from USD 2.2 billion (currently in 2020) to USD 3.1 billion in 2025 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.8%. It has been forecasted that the Asia-Paci c HAP market will grow at the highest CAGR precisely due to the increase in medical tourism in countries like India, South Korea, and Japan. It has led to the rapid development of the domestic health care sector and is an indicator for exhaustive research in HAP to develop devices and technologies to cater to growing medical tourism.enCeramicCompositesBiomaterialsThesis